The respiratory system helps in exchange of gases in the body from "summary" of NCERT Exemplar Problems-Solutions BIOLOGY class 12th by Arihant Experts
The respiratory system plays a crucial role in the exchange of gases in the body. This system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs. It is responsible for the intake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide from the body. The process of gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, which are tiny sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air and blood. When we breathe in, oxygen from the air enters the lungs and diffuses into the blood in the capillaries surrounding the alveoli. At the same time, carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli to be exhaled out of the body during exhalation. The exchange of gases is facilitated by the thin walls of the alveoli, which allow for rapid diffusion of gases between the air and blood. The respiratory system also helps in maintaining the pH balance in the body by regulating the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The process of gas exchange is essential for cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. Oxygen is necessary for the production of ATP through aerobic respiration, while carbon dioxide is a byproduct of this process. Therefore, the respiratory system ensures that cells receive an adequate supply of oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide to maintain proper functioning.- The respiratory system is vital for the exchange of gases in the body, ensuring that oxygen is delivered to cells for energy production and carbon dioxide is removed as a waste product. It is a complex system that works in coordination with other body systems to maintain homeostasis and support overall health.
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