Sleep and wakefulness cycle from "summary" of Discovering the Brain by National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
The sleep and wakefulness cycle is a fundamental aspect of human biology that is governed by a complex interplay of internal and external factors. This cycle is regulated by a region of the brain known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which serves as the body's internal clock. The suprachiasmatic nucleus receives input from light-sensitive cells in the eyes, allowing it to synchronize the body's sleep-wake cycle with the natural day-night cycle. Throughout the night, the body progresses through several stages of sleep, each characterized by distinct patterns of brain activity. These stages include both rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep, with REM sleep being associated with dreaming and heightened brain activity. Non-REM sleep is further divided into several stages, with deep sleep bein...
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