Natural selection favors advantageous traits from "summary" of The Biology Book by DK
Natural selection, a key mechanism driving evolution, operates by favoring individuals with advantageous traits that increase their chances of survival and reproduction. This process occurs due to the differential reproductive success of individuals within a population, leading to the gradual accumulation of beneficial traits over generations. Advantageous traits can take many forms, including physical adaptations that improve an organism's ability to find food, evade predators, or withstand environmental challenges. For example, the long neck of a giraffe allows it to reach leaves high in trees that other herbivores cannot access, giving it a competitive advantage in obtaining food. In addition to physical traits, advantageous traits can also include behavioral characteristics that enhance an organism's survival and reproductive success. For instance, a bird species that sings a particularly attractive song may be more successful in attracting mates, leading to greater reproductive success for individuals with this trait. The key point is that advantage...
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