Centerstate relations from "summary" of Indian Polity and Constitution Book by Mocktime Publication
Center-state relations in India refer to the relationship between the central government and the state governments. This relationship is defined by the distribution of powers and responsibilities between the two levels of government. The Indian Constitution outlines the powers and functions of both the central and state governments to ensure a balance of power and effective governance. The Constitution of India establishes a federal system of government in which both the central and state governments have their own spheres of authority. The central government is responsible for matters of national importance, such as defense, foreign affairs, and currency. On the other hand, state governments are responsible for matters that are more localized, such as health, education, and agriculture. One of the key features of India's federal system is the division of powers between the central and state governments. The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution lists the subjects on which each level of government can make laws. For example, the central government has exclusive authority over subjects like defense and foreign affairs, while state governments have exclusive authority over subjects like police and public health. In addition to exclusive powers, there are also subjects on which both the central and state governments can make laws. These are known as concurrent subjects and include topics like criminal law, marriage and divorce, and bankruptcy. In cases where there is a conflict between central and state laws on concurrent subjects, the central law prevails. To ensure cooperation and coordination between the central and state governments, several mechanisms have been put in place. For example, the Inter-State Council was established to promote better coordination between the central and state governments on matters of national importance. Additionally, the Finance Commission is tasked with recommending the distribution of financial resources between the central and state governments.- Center-state relations in India are governed by the principles of federalism, which aim to strike a balance between the powers of the central and state governments. By clearly defining the powers and responsibilities of each level of government, the Indian Constitution ensures effective governance and the protection of the interests of both the central and state governments.
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