Buffers resist changes in pH by accepting or donating protons from "summary" of Chemistry Simplified NCERT Class 11 by Sanjay Sharma
Buffers play a crucial role in maintaining the pH of a solution by accepting or donating protons when necessary. When an acid or base is added to a buffered solution, the buffer components react with the added ions to prevent a significant change in pH. This is possible because buffers are made up of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The weak acid in the buffer can donate protons to neutralize any added base, while the conjugate base can accept protons to neutralize any added acid. This dynamic interplay between the weak acid and its conjugate base allows the buffer to resist changes in pH. By accepting or donating protons as needed, the buffer helps maintain the pH at a relatively constant level. Buffers are especially important in biological systems, where even small changes in pH can have detrimental effects on cellular processes. For example, human blood contains buffers that help keep the pH within a narrow range to ensure proper functioning of enzymes and other biological molecules. Without buffers, the pH of blood could fluctuate widely in response to changes in diet or metabolic activity.- Buffers are essential for maintaining the stability of pH in various chemical and biological systems. By accepting or donating protons as needed, buffers ensure that the pH remains relatively constant even in the face of external disturbances. This ability to resist changes in pH makes buffers a critical component of many chemical and biological processes.
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