Buffers help maintain a stable pH in solutions from "summary" of Chemistry by Russell Kuhtz
In a solution, the pH level indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions present. A low pH signifies a high concentration of hydrogen ions, making the solution acidic, while a high pH indicates a low concentration of hydrogen ions, making the solution basic. Buffers are essential in maintaining a stable pH in solutions by resisting changes in pH when acids or bases are added. A buffer is typically a combination of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. When an acid is added to a buffered solution, the weak base in the buffer reacts with the additional hydrogen ions to neutralize them, preventing a drastic decrease in pH. Similarly, when a base is added, the weak acid in ...
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