Operant conditioning involves reinforcement and punishment from "summary" of The Psychology Book by DK
Operant conditioning is a form of learning that involves changing behavior through the use of reinforcement or punishment. Reinforcement refers to any consequence that increases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated in the future. Positive reinforcement involves providing a reward or positive consequence to strengthen a desired behavior. For example, giving a child a sticker for completing their homework can increase the likelihood that they will continue to do their homework in the future. On the other hand, negative reinforcement involves removing a negative consequence to strengthen a behavior. An example of negative reinforcement would be taking pain medication to alleviate a headache, which increases the likelihood that a person will take pain medication in the future to relieve pain. Punishment, on the other hand, involves any consequence that decreases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated. Positive punishment involves adding an unpleasant consequence to decrea...
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