Users need a good mental model of how things work from "summary" of The Design of Everyday Things by Don Norman
When people use things, they form mental models of how those things work. A mental model is a person's understanding of how something functions based on their prior knowledge and experiences. The mental model helps users predict the system's behavior and make decisions about how to interact with it. The better the mental model, the easier it is for users to operate the system effectively. Simplicity is key in creating a good mental model. The system should be designed in a way that is easy to understand and use. Complex systems can overwhelm users and make it difficult for them to develop an accurate mental model. By keeping things simple, designers can help users form a clear and coherent understanding of how the system works. Clarity and coherence are important aspects of a good mental model. Users should be able to understand how different parts of the system interact with each other and how their actions affect the system as a whole. Designers should strive to present information in a logical and organized manner, so users can easily follow along and build a cohesive mental model. Logical sequencing is crucial for helping users build an accurate mental model. Information should be presented in a way that flows naturally from one concept to the next, helping users connect the dots and form a complete understanding of the system. Transition words and phrases can be used to guide users through the information and reinforce the logical sequence. Consistency in tone and style is essential for maintaining a good mental model. Designers should use a uniform voice and design language throughout the system to prevent confusion and help users build a coherent understanding of how things work. Inconsistencies in tone or style can disrupt the mental model and make it harder for users to navigate the system. Grammar and syntax play a role in shaping users' mental models as well. Clear and concise language can help users grasp concepts more easily and form a more accurate understanding of the system. Designers should pay attention to the way information is presented and ensure that it is communicated effectively to help users build a strong mental model. Contextual understanding is crucial for users to develop a good mental model. Designers should consider users' backgrounds, experiences, and knowledge levels when designing systems to ensure that the information presented aligns with users' existing mental models. By tailoring the system to users' needs and expectations, designers can help users form a more accurate understanding of how things work. Natural language can also aid in building a good mental model. Using familiar language and metaphors can help users relate new concepts to things they already understand
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