Immune responses defend against pathogens from "summary" of The Biology Book by DK
When pathogens invade the body, the immune system goes into action to protect against these harmful invaders. The immune response is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs working together to identify, target, and destroy pathogens that could potentially cause harm. The first line of defense is the innate immune system, which provides immediate, nonspecific protection against a wide range of pathogens. This includes physical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes, as well as cells like macrophages and neutrophils that engulf and destroy pathogens. If the innate immune system is unable to completely eliminate the pathogen, the adaptive immune system kicks in to provide a more targeted response. This system is composed of specialized cells like T cells and B cells that can recognize specific pathogens and mount a tailored defense against them. T cells play a crucial role in the immune response by identifying and destroying infected cells, while B cells produce antibodies that bind to pathogens and mark them for destruction by other immune cells. This targeted attack helps to eliminate the pathogen and prevent further infection. The immune response is not only crucial for fighting off pathogens, but it also plays a key role in forming immunological memory. This means that once the immune system has encountered a specific pathogen, it can mount a faster and more effective response if exposed to the same pathogen in the future.- The immune response is a vital defense mechanism that helps to protect the body from harmful pathogens and maintain overall health and well-being. By identifying, targeting, and destroying pathogens, the immune system plays a crucial role in keeping the body safe from infection and disease.
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