Light interacts with the eye to form images from "summary" of Physics of the Human Body by Richard P. McCall
The process of seeing begins with light entering the eye. This light passes through the cornea, the transparent outer covering of the eye. The cornea bends the light rays and helps focus them onto the lens. The lens further refracts the light to focus it onto the retina, which lines the back of the eye. The retina is a layer of tissue that contains cells sensitive to light. When light reaches the retina, it triggers a series of electrical and chemical signals that travel to the brain via the optic nerve. These signals are processed in the brain to form visual images. The lens of the eye plays a crucial role in focusing light onto the retina. The lens changes its shape to adjust the focus, allowing us to see objects at various distances clearly. This process, known as accommodation, is essential for clear vision. The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by the size of the pupil. In bright light, the pupil constricts to reduce the amount of light entering the eye. In dim light, the pupil dilates to allow more light in. This adaptive mechanism helps maintain optimal vision in different lighting conditions. The ability of the eye to form images is a complex process that relies on the precise interaction of light with the eye's structures. Understanding how light enters the eye and is focused onto the retina provides insight into the remarkable capabilities of the human visual system.
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