Acids donate protons, while bases accept them from "summary" of NCERT Chemistry Class 11 - [CBSE Board] by Dr. S. C. Rastogi, ,Er. Meera Goyal
Acids are substances that have the ability to donate protons, which are positively charged hydrogen ions (H+). When an acid dissolves in water, it releases these protons, which can then react with other substances. Bases, on the other hand, are substances that have the ability to accept protons. This means that when a base is dissolved in water, it can take up protons from the surrounding environment. The concept of acids donating protons and bases accepting them is central to understanding acid-base reactions. In a typical acid-base reaction, an acid will donate a proton to a base, forming a new substance called a conjugate base. The base, in turn, will accept the proton from the acid, forming a conjugate acid. This exchange of protons is what characterizes acid-base reactions. The strength of an acid or base is determined by how easily it can donate or accept protons. Strong acids and bases are able to donate or accept protons very easily, while weak acids and bases do so less readily. The strength of an acid or base is measured on the pH scale, which ranges from 0 to 14. Acids have a pH below 7, while bases have a pH above 7. A pH of 7 is considered neutral. Understanding the concept of acids donating protons and bases accepting them is essential for understanding many chemical reactions. For example, in the human body, maintaining the right balance of acids and bases is crucial for proper functioning. Acid-base reactions also play a key role in many industrial processes, such as the production of fertilizers and the treatment of wastewater.- The concept of acids donating protons and bases accepting them is fundamental to the field of chemistry and has wide-ranging applications in both the laboratory and the real world. By understanding how acids and bases interact through the exchange of protons, we can better comprehend the behavior of chemical substances and the reactions they undergo.
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