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A morally good action is one that is done out of a sense of duty, not inclination from "summary" of Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals by Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, the moral worth of an action lies in the motivation behind it. He argues that a morally good action is one that is done out of a sense of duty, not inclination. Inclination refers to the natural desires and tendencies that drive human behavior, such as the desire for pleasure or the aversion to pain. Acting out of inclination means acting in accordance with these natural impulses, without any regard for moral principles. On the other hand, acting out of duty means acting in accordance with a sense of moral obligation, regardless of personal desires or preferences. Duty is dictated by reason and the universal moral law, rather than by individual inclinations. Kant believes that only actions done out of duty have moral worth, as they are motivated by a recognition of the inherent value of moral principles. For Kant, the key distinction between actions done out of duty and actions done out of inclination lies in the source of motivation. Actions done out of inclination are driven by self-interest and personal desires, while actions done out of duty are driven by a commitment to moral principles and a sense of obligation to uphold them. This distinction is crucial for Kant, as it allows him to establish a clear criterion for determining the moral worth of an action.
  1. Kant aims to promote a sense of moral responsibility and cultivate a moral character based on reason and principle. He believes that by acting in accordance with duty, individuals can develop a sense of moral autonomy and contribute to the overall moral progress of society. Ultimately, Kant's philosophy is centered around the idea that moral goodness is rooted in rationality and a commitment to universal moral principles, rather than in personal desires or inclinations.
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Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals

Immanuel Kant

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