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Idealism posits the existence of the external world from "summary" of Critique of Pure Reason by Immanuel Kant

Idealism, as a philosophical doctrine, asserts that reality is fundamentally mental or immaterial in nature. It argues that the external world is ultimately dependent on the mind for its existence. This position challenges the traditional view that there is an objective external world that exists independently of our perception of it. Idealism posits that the external world is a construct of the mind, and therefore, its existence is contingent upon our awareness of it. One of the key implications of idealism is that the external world is not something that exists in and of itself but is rather a product of our cognitive faculties. According to this view, the external world is a representation that is mediated by the mind. This means that what we perceive as the external world is actually a mental construct that is shaped by our sensory experiences and cognitive processes. In the Critique of Pure Reason, Immanuel Kant engages with the question of the existence of the external world and the nature of reality. Kant ...
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    Critique of Pure Reason

    Immanuel Kant

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