Genetic variation is essential for evolution from "summary" of Darwin's Dangerous Idea by Daniel C. Dennett
In order for evolution to occur, there must be genetic variation. This variation is the raw material upon which natural selection acts. Without it, there would be no diversity among organisms, and therefore no possibility for change over time. Genetic variation is what allows for adaptations to arise in response to changing environmental conditions. Imagine a population of organisms in which every individual is genetically identical. If the environment were to change in a way that made the current traits of the population no longer suitable, there would be no way for the population to adapt. They would all be equally affected by the change, and there would be no variation for natural selection to act upon. On the other hand, if there is genetic variation within the population, some individuals may poss...
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