Intermolecular forces are weak attractions between molecules from "summary" of Chemistry Simplified NCERT Class 11 by Sanjay Sharma
Intermolecular forces play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances. These forces are weak attractions that exist between molecules. They are responsible for holding molecules together and influencing the behavior of substances in different states of matter. Due to the relatively weak nature of intermolecular forces, they are easily overcome by external factors such as temperature and pressure. There are different types of intermolecular forces that operate between molecules. These include London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding. London dispersion forces are the weakest of the three and are present in all molecules. They result from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution within molecules, leading to the formation of temporary dipoles. Dipole-dipole interactions, on the other hand, occur between polar molecules where the positive and negative ends of the molecules are attracted to each other. This results...
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