Blood supply of lower limbs from "summary" of Bd Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, Volume 1 by B. D. Chaurasia
The blood supply of lower limbs is provided by a network of arteries that ensure adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues. The main artery responsible for supplying blood to the lower limbs is the femoral artery, which is a continuation of the external iliac artery after passing beneath the inguinal ligament. The femoral artery gives off several branches that supply different regions of the lower limbs. One of the important branches of the femoral artery is the profunda femoris artery, also known as the deep femoral artery. This artery supplies blood to the muscles of the thigh and forms an anastomosis with the superior gluteal artery, which helps in maintaining blood flow to the lower limb in case of occlusion of the main artery. The femoral artery also gives rise to the popliteal artery, which is located behind the knee joint. The popliteal artery gives off several branches that supply the muscles and skin of the leg. One of the branches of the popliteal artery is the anterior tibial artery, which runs along the front of the leg and supplies blood to the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg. Another important branch of the popliteal artery is the posterior tibial artery, which runs along the back of the leg and supplies blood to the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg. The posterior tibial artery gives off the peroneal artery, which supplies blood to the lateral aspect of the leg and ankle. In addition to these arteries, there are several smaller branches that arise from the main arteries and provide blood supply to specific regions of the lower limbs. These arteries form an intricate network of blood vessels that ensure adequate perfusion of the lower limb tissues. Understanding the blood supply of the lower limbs is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases affecting this region.
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