Blood supply of abdomen from "summary" of Bd Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, Volume 1 by B. D. Chaurasia
The abdominal aorta supplies blood to the abdomen. It arises from the aortic opening of the diaphragm at the level of the lower border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. The abdominal aorta divides into two common iliac arteries at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra, which, in turn, give off branches supplying various abdominal organs and structures. The three main branches of the abdominal aorta are the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery. The celiac trunk arises at the level of the upper border of the first lumbar vertebra and gives off three branches: left gastric artery, splenic artery, and common hepatic artery. These branches supply the stomach, spleen, liver, and part of the pancreas. The superior mesenteric artery arises at the level of the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra and supplies blood to the small intestine (except the first part of the duodenum) and part of the large intestine. The inferior mesenteric artery arises at the level of the third lumbar vertebra and supplies blood to the distal part of the large intestine. In addition to these main branches, the abdominal aorta also gives off several smaller branches that supply the abdominal organs and structures. These branches include the middle suprarenal arteries, renal arteries, gonadal arteries, lumbar arteries, and common iliac arteries. The venous drainage of the abdomen is through the portal system, which collects blood from the abdominal organs and carries it to the liver for processing. The portal vein is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein behind the neck of the pancreas. The inferior mesenteric vein drains into the splenic vein.- The blood supply of the abdomen is crucial for maintaining the proper functioning of the abdominal organs and structures. Understanding the anatomy of the blood vessels in the abdomen is essential for healthcare professionals to diagnose and treat various abdominal conditions effectively.
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