Utility is standard of morality from "summary" of Utilitarianism and On Liberty by John Stuart Mill
The principle of utility is the foundation of the moral system known as Utilitarianism. According to this principle, actions are morally right to the extent that they promote happiness or pleasure, and morally wrong to the extent that they produce unhappiness or pain. Utility is the ultimate standard by which we judge the morality of actions, and it is the only thing that is intrinsically good. This concept of utility as the standard of morality is based on the idea that the ultimate aim of human life is happiness. All humans desire happiness, and it is the only thing that is desirable for its own sake. Therefore, any moral theory must be based on the promotion of happiness as the ultimate goal. Utilitarianism provides a clear and simple moral principle that guides our actions: we should always act in a way that maximizes overall happiness and minimizes overall pain. By making utility the standard of morality, Utilitarianism allows for a straightforward way of evaluating the rightness or wrongness of actions. Instead of relying on complex rules or abstract principles, we can simply ask ourselves whether an action will produce more happiness than unhappiness. This practical approach to morality makes Utilitarianism an attractive theory for guiding our behavior in everyday life. Utilitarianism also emphasizes the importance of considering the consequences of our actions. By focusing on the outcomes of our choices, rather than on intentions or moral rules, Utilitarianism encourages us to think carefully about the impact of our behavior on others. This consequentialist approach to ethics highlights the importance of empathy and compassion in our moral decision-making.- The concept of utility as the standard of morality provides a clear and coherent framework for evaluating the rightness or wrongness of actions. By emphasizing the promotion of happiness as the ultimate goal of morality, Utilitarianism offers a practical and straightforward guide for making ethical decisions. This focus on consequences and outcomes encourages us to consider the impact of our actions on others and promotes a more empathetic and compassionate approach to moral reasoning.
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