Rational selfinterest is restrained by moral sentiments from "summary" of The Theory of Moral Sentiments - Adam Smith by Adam Smith
Adam Smith posits that while individuals may be primarily motivated by self-interest, their actions are constrained by moral sentiments. This means that people are not solely driven by the pursuit of their own self-interest, but rather consider ethical principles and societal norms in their decision-making process. According to Smith, human beings have a natural tendency to sympathize with others and to consider how their actions may impact those around them. This sense of empathy and concern for the well-being of others serves as a counterbalance to the pursuit of self-interest. It leads individuals to act in ways that are not only beneficial to themselves but also to the broader community. Smith argues that moral sentiments play a crucial role in regulating human behavior and preventing individuals from engaging in actions that may harm others. These moral restraints act as a check on the unrestrained pursuit of self-interest and ensure that individuals consider the consequences of their actions on others. While self-interest may provide the initial motivation for individuals to act, moral sentiments serve as a moderating force that guides their actions towards more socially acceptable and ethical behavior. This interplay between self-interest and moral sentiments creates a delicate balance in which individuals are incentivized to consider the welfare of others while still pursuing their own interests.- Smith suggests that rational self-interest is tempered by moral sentiments, leading individuals to act in ways that are not only rational from a self-interested perspective but also morally justifiable. This perspective highlights the complex interplay between individual motives and societal norms, emphasizing the importance of moral sentiments in shaping human behavior.
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