A just society promotes the common good from "summary" of The Republic of Plato by Plato
In the ideal city-state, ruled by philosopher-kings, justice is the fundamental principle that ensures harmony and stability. Justice, according to Socrates, is the virtue that governs all others and leads to the common good of society. It is the quality that allows each citizen to fulfill their role in society without infringing on the rights of others. A just society is one in which individuals perform their designated functions without greed or ambition, seeking only what is best for the community as a whole. In such a society, everyone contributes according to their abilities and receives according to their needs. This distribution of goods and responsibilities creates a sense of unity and cooperation among citizens, fostering a sense of common purpose and shared destiny. The common good, as Socrates envisions it, is the well-being of the entire community, rather than the interests of any particular group or individual. It is the ultimate goal of justice, a state in which all members of society are equally valued and respected. To achieve the common good, each person must prioritize the needs of the community over their own desires, working together for the greater benefit of all. A just society, therefore, is one in which individuals are guided by reason and virtue, rather than self-interest or personal gain. It is a society in which the rulers are wise and just, the citizens are virtuous and obedient, and everyone cooperates for the betterment of the whole. This vision of justice and the common good is the foundation of Plato's ideal state, a society in which harmony, order, and happiness reign supreme.
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