It is important to understand the role of insulin in obesity from "summary" of The Obesity Code by Dr. Jason Fung
Insulin plays a crucial role in obesity. When we eat, our blood sugar levels rise, which signals the pancreas to release insulin. Insulin's primary job is to shuttle glucose from the blood into our cells for energy. However, insulin also promotes the storage of excess glucose as fat. In people with insulin resistance, the body's cells become resistant to the effects of insulin. This leads to higher levels of insulin being produced to lower blood sugar levels. The excess insulin promotes the storage of more fat, leading to weight gain. It becomes a vicious cycle - more weight gain leads to more insulin resistance, which leads to even more weight gain.
Furthermore, high levels of insulin suppress the hormone glucagon, which helps to release stored glucose from the liver. This means that when insulin levels are high, the body is unable to access its stored energy reserves, leading to increased hunger and overeating. ...
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