Social loafing occurs when individuals exert less effort in a group setting from "summary" of The Handbook of Social Psychology by Daniel Todd Gilbert,Susan T. Fiske,Gardner Lindzey
Social loafing is a phenomenon that occurs when individuals find themselves in a group setting and, as a result, exert less effort than they would if they were working alone. This tendency for group members to reduce their level of effort when working together has been well-documented in various studies and real-world situations. The concept of social loafing can be explained by the diffusion of responsibility that often takes place in group settings. When individuals are part of a group, they may feel less accountable for the outcome of the task at hand, leading them to contribute less effort than they would if they were solely responsible. This diffusion of responsibility can result in a decrease in motivation and performance among group members. Additionally, social loafing can also be attributed to the phenomenon of social comparison. In a group setting, individuals may compare their own level of effort to that of their peers and adjust their contributions accordingly. If they perceive that others are not putting in as much effort, they may feel justified in reducing their own efforts to match the perceived norm within the group. Furthermore, the presence of others in a group can lead to a sense of redundancy or redundancy reduction, where individuals feel that their efforts are not as necessary or valued due to the presence of other group members. This can further contribute to a decrease in individual effort and motivation within the group setting.- Social loafing is a complex social phenomenon that can have significant implications for group performance and productivity. By understanding the factors that contribute to social loafing, such as diffusion of responsibility, social comparison, and redundancy reduction, individuals and groups can take steps to mitigate its effects and enhance overall group performance.
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