Concept of natural law from "summary" of Political Philosophy by Henry Brougham Baron Brougham and Vaux
The concept of natural law is a fundamental principle in political philosophy, providing a basis for understanding and evaluating the legitimacy of laws and governments. Natural law is often contrasted with positive law, which is created by human authorities. According to proponents of natural law theory, laws must conform to certain universal principles that are inherent in nature and can be discovered through reason. One of the key ideas underlying natural law theory is that there are objective moral truths that exist independently of human opinion or convention. These truths are believed to be accessible to all human beings through the use of reason, and they provide a standard by which to judge the justice or injustice of laws and government actions. In this view, laws that are in accordance with natural law are considered to be morally binding, while laws that violate natural law are seen as unjust and illegitimate. Natural law theorists argue that there are certain fundamental rights and duties that are inherent in human nature and can be discerned through rational reflection. These rights and duties are believed to be universal a...
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