Ecosystems are composed of interrelated biotic and abiotic components from "summary" of NCERT Solutions - Biology for Class 12th by Dr. Madhurbhashini,Sargam Hans,Shanya Hans
Ecosystems are intricate systems that consist of living organisms, known as biotic components, and non-living elements, referred to as abiotic components. The relationship between these biotic and abiotic factors is crucial for the functioning and stability of an ecosystem. Biotic components encompass all living organisms within an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. These organisms interact with each other through various relationships like predation, competition, and symbiosis. On the other hand, abiotic components include physical factors like temperature, sunlight, water, soil, and nutrients. These non-living elements play a significant role in shaping the ecosystem and influencing the distribution and abundance of biotic components. For instance, the availability of water and sunlight determines the types of plants that can grow in a particular area, which in turn affects the animals that depend on those plants for food and shelter. Furthermore, the interrelationship between biotic and abiotic components is dynamic and complex. Changes in one component can have cascading effects on the entire ecosystem. For example, an increase in temperature due to climate change can lead to the extinction of certain plant species, impacting the animals that rely on those plants for survival. This interconnectedness highlights the delicate balance that exists within ecosystems and emphasizes the importance of conserving biodiversity and protecting the environment.- Ecosystems are intricate networks of relationships between living and non-living components. Understanding these interconnections is vital for managing and preserving ecosystems for future generations. By recognizing the significance of both biotic and abiotic factors, we can work towards maintaining the health and sustainability of our planet's diverse ecosystems.
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