Biotechnology involves the manipulation of genetic material for various applications from "summary" of NCERT Solutions - Biology for Class 12th by Dr. Madhurbhashini,Sargam Hans,Shanya Hans
Biotechnology is a field that revolves around the manipulation of genetic material for a multitude of purposes. This manipulation can involve the modification of genes in organisms in order to obtain desirable traits or characteristics. The process of genetic manipulation is carried out through various techniques such as gene cloning, gene transfer, and gene editing. One of the key applications of biotechnology is in the field of agriculture. By manipulating the genetic material of crops, scientists are able to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs) that exhibit traits such as resistance to pests or diseases, increased nutritional value, or improved yield. These genetically modified crops have the potential to address food security issues by increasing crop productivity and reducing losses due to pests and diseases. Another important application of biotechnology is in the field of medicine. Genetic manipulation techniques are used to produce pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and diagnostic tools. For example, insulin, a life-saving hormone for individuals with diabetes, is produced through genetic engineering techniques. Biotechnology also plays a crucial role in the development of gene therapy, which involves the introduction of genetic material into a patient's cells to treat genetic disorders. In addition to agriculture and medicine, biotechnology is also being used in environmental conservation efforts. For instance, genetically modified bacteria are used to clean up oil spills by breaking down hydrocarbons in the environment. Biotechnology is also employed in the production of biofuels, which are considered to be more environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil fuels.- Biotechnology offers a wide range of applications that have the potential to address various global challenges. By manipulating genetic material, scientists are able to harness the power of nature to improve agriculture, medicine, and environmental conservation efforts. The field of biotechnology continues to evolve and expand, offering new possibilities for the future.
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