In vitro transcription and translation from "summary" of Molecular Cloning by Joseph Sambrook,David William Russell
In vitro transcription and translation is a powerful technique that allows researchers to synthesize specific proteins in a controlled environment outside of a living cell. This process involves transcribing a gene of interest into mRNA using a DNA template, followed by translating the mRNA into protein using cellular machinery such as ribosomes and amino acids. To initiate in vitro transcription, a DNA template containing the gene of interest is mixed with the necessary transcription factors, RNA polymerase, nucleotides, and other components in a test tube. The RNA polymerase enzyme then catalyzes the synthesis of mRNA by reading the DNA template and assembling complementary RNA nucleotides. This results in the production of a single-stranded mRNA molecule that corresponds to the gene sequence. Once the mR...
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