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Scheduled and Tribal Areas from "summary" of Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Scheduled Areas refer to certain geographical areas identified by the Fifth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. These areas are predominantly inhabited by tribal communities. The Fifth Schedule outlines the administration and control of these areas, ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of tribal communities living there. The Governor of a state with Scheduled Areas has the power to declare certain areas as Scheduled Areas, providing for their governance and development through the formation of District Councils. Tribal Areas, on the other hand, are areas located in the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. These areas are covered under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution. The Sixth Schedule provides for the administration of Tribal Areas through autonomous district councils, giving these areas a certain degree of autonomy in their governance. The district councils have the power to make laws on various subjects, including land, forests, and local government, within their jurisdiction. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act of 2006 further strengthens the protection of tribal communities' rights in Scheduled and Tribal Areas. This Act recognizes and vests forest rights and occupation in forest land to forest-dwelling Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers. It aims to rectify historical injustices and ensure the socio-economic empowerment of these communities. The Constitution also provides for the establishment of a National Commission for Scheduled Tribes, tasked with monitoring the implementation of various safeguards and welfare measures for Scheduled Tribes. The Commission works to ensure the protection and promotion of the rights and interests of Scheduled Tribes across the country. Additionally, the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act of 2006 has provisions for the establishment of committees at various levels to assist in the implementation of the Act and protection of forest rights.- Scheduled and Tribal Areas play a crucial role in ensuring the preservation of tribal communities' distinct identities and cultures. The constitutional safeguards and welfare measures in place aim to protect the rights and interests of these communities and promote their overall development and well-being.
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