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CentreState relations from "summary" of Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Centre-State relations in India play a crucial role in the country's federal system. This relationship is defined by the distribution of powers and responsibilities between the central government and the state governments. The Constitution of India clearly outlines the powers of each entity and provides mechanisms for resolving disputes that may arise between them. The division of powers between the Centre and the States is enshrined in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution. The Union List contains subjects on which only the central government can make laws, such as defense and foreign affairs. The State List includes subjects on which only the state governments can legislate, like public health and police. Concurrent List consists of subjects on which both the Centre and the States can make laws, such as education and forests. The Constitution also provides for various mechanisms to ensure cooperation and coordination between the Centre and the States. The Inter-State Council, for example, serves as a platform for discussion and consultation on issues of common interest. The Finance Commission is another institution that plays a crucial role in determining the distribution of financial resources between the Centre and the States. Disputes between the Centre and the States are often resolved through negotiation and dialogue. The Sarkaria Commission and the Punchhi Commission have made recommendations on improving Centre-State relations and resolving conflicts. The Supreme Court also acts as a final arbiter in disputes between the Centre and the States, ensuring that the federal principles of the Constitution are upheld.- Centre-State relations are essential for the functioning of India's federal system. By delineating the powers and responsibilities of each entity and providing mechanisms for resolving disputes, the Constitution ensures that both the Centre and the States can work together for the common good of the country.
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