Survival of the Eastern Roman Empire from "summary" of History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire by Edward Gibbon
The Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire, managed to survive the fall of the Western Roman Empire due to several key factors. One of the primary reasons for its survival was its strategic location, which allowed it to serve as a buffer between the expanding Islamic Caliphates to the east and the Germanic tribes to the west. This geographical advantage provided the Byzantine Empire with some breathing room during times of crisis, allowing it to withstand external pressures and maintain its territorial integrity. Furthermore, the Byzantine Empire was able to adapt and evolve in response to changing circumstances. Unlike the Western Roman Empire, which was plagued by political instability and economic decline, the Byzantine Empire was able to implement effective governance and administrative reforms. This included the establishment of a strong centralized bureaucracy, a sophisticated legal system, and a well-developed tax infrastructure. These reforms helped to stabilize the empire and ensure its continued survival. Another crucial factor in the survival of the Byzantine Empire was its military prowess. The Byzantine army was highly trained and disciplined, making it a formidable force on the battlefield. In addition, the Byzantine Empire was able to leverage its strategic alliances with other powers, such as the Christian kingdoms of Europe, to strengthen its military position and defend against external threats. This military strength allowed the Byzantine Empire to fend off numerous invasions and maintain its territorial integrity throughout its history.- The survival of the Byzantine Empire can be attributed to a combination of factors, including its strategic location, administrative reforms, and military strength. By adapting to changing circumstances and leveraging its resources effectively, the Byzantine Empire was able to withstand numerous challenges and continue to exist for over a thousand years.
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