Categorical imperative from "summary" of Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals by Immanuel Kant
The categorical imperative is a principle that commands certain actions or behaviors simply because they are right or morally necessary, without taking into account any personal desires or inclinations. According to Kant, this principle is based on pure reason and is universal in nature, applying to all rational beings regardless of their individual circumstances or desires. Kant argues that the categorical imperative is the supreme principle of morality, as it provides a rational basis for determining what is morally right or wrong. Unlike hypothetical imperatives, which are based on conditional or contingent desires, the categorical imperative is unconditional and applies to all rational beings in all situations. One of the key formulations of the categorical imperative is the principle of universalizability, which states that an action is morally permissible only if one can consistently will that everyone should act in the same way in similar circumstances. This means that one must consider whether their actions could be made into a universal law that all rational beings should follow. Another important aspect of the categorical imperative is the principle of respect for persons, which requires treating others as ends in themselves rather than as means to an end. This means that one must always respect the dignity and autonomy of others, and not use them merely as a tool to achieve one's own goals.- The categorical imperative serves as a moral compass that guides individuals in making ethical decisions and determining what is right or wrong. By appealing to reason and universal principles, Kant believed that the categorical imperative provides a solid foundation for moral philosophy and ethics.
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