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Data transmission requires modulation and demodulation from "summary" of Data Communications and Networking by Behrouz A. Forouzan

Data transmission is a complex process that involves sending data from one point to another. However, data cannot be transmitted over long distances in its original form. It needs to be converted into signals that can travel over transmission media such as cables, fiber optics, or wireless channels. This conversion process is accomplished through modulation and demodulation. Modulation is the process of encoding digital data into an analog signal so that it can be transmitted over a communication channel. In modulation, the digital data is combined with a carrier signal, which changes the characteristics of the carrier wave to represent the digital information being sent. There are different types of modulation techniques, such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (P...
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    Data Communications and Networking

    Behrouz A. Forouzan

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