Solubility and dissolution of drugs from "summary" of Chemistry for Pharmacy Students by Lutfun Nahar,Professor Satyajit D. Sarker
Solubility is a crucial factor that affects the dissolution and ultimately the bioavailability of drugs. When a drug is administered, it needs to dissolve in the body fluids before it can be absorbed into the bloodstream. If a drug is not soluble in the body fluids, it will not be able to dissolve and therefore will not be absorbed effectively. The solubility of a drug is dependent on several factors, including the chemical structure of the drug, the pH of the surrounding environment, and the presence of other substances that may interact with the drug. Drugs that are more hydrophobic tend to have lower solubility in water, while drugs that are more hydrophilic tend to have higher solubility. The dissolution of a drug refers to the process by which the solid drug particles disintegrate and go into solution. This process is influenced by factors such as the surface area of the drug particles, the temperature of the solvent, and the agitation of the solution. A drug with a larger surface area will dissolve more quickly than a drug with a smaller surface area. The rate of dissolution of a drug can be described by the Noyes-Whitney equation, which takes into account the surface area, the diffusion layer thickness, and the concentration gradient of the drug. By understanding the factors that affect the solubility and dissolution of drugs, pharmacists can develop formulations that optimize the bioavailability of drugs and ensure that patients receive the proper dosage.- The solubility and dissolution of drugs are important concepts in pharmacy that impact the effectiveness of drug therapy. By considering factors such as chemical structure, pH, and agitation, pharmacists can develop formulations that enhance the solubility and dissolution of drugs, leading to better patient outcomes.
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