Role of acids and bases in drug formulations from "summary" of Chemistry for Pharmacy Students by Lutfun Nahar,Professor Satyajit D. Sarker
Acids and bases play a crucial role in the formulation of drugs. The pH of a drug formulation is an important factor that can affect its stability, solubility, absorption, and ultimately its therapeutic effectiveness. Acids and bases can be used to adjust the pH of a drug formulation to a level that is optimal for its intended use. For example, acidic drugs may be formulated as salts with a base to increase their solubility and stability. Conversely, basic drugs may be formulated as salts with an acid to enhance their solubility and stability. In addition to adjusting the pH of a drug formulation, acids and bases can also be used as excipients to enhance the stability and bioavailability of a drug. For example, acids such as citric acid or tartaric acid can be used as antioxidants to prevent the degradation of a drug, while bases such as sodium bicarbonate can be used to increase the dissolution rate of a drug in the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, acids and bases can be used to modify the release of a drug from its formulation. For example, enteric coatings containing bases such as magnesium hydroxide can be used to protect a drug from degradation in the acidic environment of the stomach and allow it to be released in the alkaline environment of the intestines.- The careful selection and use of acids and bases in drug formulations are essential for ensuring the stability, solubility, absorption, and effectiveness of a drug. By understanding the role of acids and bases in drug formulations, pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists can optimize the therapeutic outcomes of a drug for the benefit of patients.
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