pH and its effects on drug actions from "summary" of Chemistry for Pharmacy Students by Lutfun Nahar,Professor Satyajit D. Sarker
The pH of a solution can have a significant impact on the actions of drugs within the body. The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, ranging from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most alkaline), with 7 being neutral. The pH of a solution can affect the solubility, stability, and ionization of drugs, influencing their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body. The solubility of a drug is dependent on its pH and the pH of the surrounding environment. Drugs that are weak acids or bases can exist in different ionization states depending on the pH of the solution they are in. For example, a weak acid will be predominantly in its unionized form in acidic environments and ionized in alkaline environments. The ionization state of a drug affects its solubility, which in turn can impact its absorption and bioavailability in the body. The stability of a drug can also be affected by pH. Some drugs are more stable in acidic environments, while others are more stable in alkaline environments. Changes in pH can cause drugs to degrade or undergo chemical reactions, leading to ...
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