Untreated sewage pollutes water bodies from "summary" of Water Pollution by Arvind Kumar
Untreated sewage is a major source of water pollution, as it contains a variety of contaminants that can harm aquatic ecosystems and human health. When sewage is released into water bodies without being properly treated, it can introduce harmful pathogens, nutrients, and chemicals into the water. Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites can be present in untreated sewage and can cause waterborne diseases in humans and animals. These pathogens can contaminate drinking water sources and recreational waters, putting the health of anyone who comes into contact with the water at risk. In addition to pathogens, untreated sewage contains nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which can lead to eutrophication in water bodies. Eutrophication is a process in which excessive nutrients stimulate the growth of algae and other aquatic plants, leading to algal blooms. These blooms can deplete oxygen levels in the water, causing harm to fish and other aquatic organisms. Furthermore, untreated sewage can contain a variety of chemicals, including heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and industrial pollutants. These chemicals can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, disrupting their reproductive systems, damaging their organs, and impairing their overall health. In some cases, these contaminants can bioaccumulate in the food chain, posing a risk to human health through the consumption of contaminated fish and seafood.- Untreated sewage poses a serious threat to the health and sustainability of water bodies. It is essential that sewage is properly treated before being discharged into the environment to protect water quality and ensure the health of ecosystems and communities that depend on clean water.
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