Anaximenes believed air was the primary element from "summary" of To Explain the World by Steven Weinberg
According to Anaximenes, the primary element that makes up the universe is air. This concept builds on the ideas of his predecessors Thales and Anaximander, who also sought to identify the fundamental substance from which all things are derived. Anaximenes believed that air is unique in its ability to transform and change, taking on different forms and properties to give rise to the variety of matter and phenomena we observe in the world. For Anaximenes, air is not simply the empty space that we breathe, but a substance that is in constant motion and flux. He proposed that air can condense to form denser materials like water and earth, or rarefy to create fire and gas. In this way, air serves as the primary building block of the physical world, shaping and molding the universe through its transformative qualities. Anaximenes' theory of air as the primary element reflects his belief in a dynamic and interconnected ...
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