Normal science is puzzlesolving within paradigms from "summary" of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas S. Kuhn
Normal science, as I have argued, often seems to be puzzlesolving within paradigms. Scientists working within a particular paradigm are typically not concerned with questioning the fundamental assumptions or principles of that paradigm. Instead, their focus is on refining and elaborating upon the existing theoretical framework, in order to solve the puzzles and anomalies that arise within it. This kind of research is guided by a set of shared values, methods, and assumptions that define the paradigm. The shared paradigm provides scientists with a set of rules and guidelines for conducting research, as well as a common language and set of concepts for communicating their findings to one another. This sense of shared purpose and understanding is what allows scientists working within a particular paradigm to collaborate effectively, and to build upon one another's work over time. However, the very success of normal science can also lead to its downfall. As scientists continue to solve puzzles and anomalies within a given par...
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