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The Great Wall was built to protect China from invasions from "summary" of The Story of China by Michael Wood

The Great Wall of China, one of the most famous structures in the world, stretches for thousands of miles across the northern frontier of China. This monumental construction was not simply a barrier to keep people out; rather, it was a complex system of fortifications designed to protect the Chinese empire from invasions by various nomadic groups from the north. The idea of building a defensive wall to keep out potential invaders was not new in China. In fact, walls had been built in various parts of the country for centuries before the construction of the Great Wall began. However, it was during the reign of the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, that the idea of connecting these individual walls into one continuous barrier took shape. The construction of the Great Wall was a massive undertaking that involved the labor of millions of workers over several centuries. It was built using a combination of stone, brick, tamped earth, wood, and other materials, depending on the location and the resources available. The wall was also equipped with watchtowers, barracks, and other defensive structures to help the Chinese army defend against potential attacks. Despite its impressive size and scale, the Great Wall was not always successful in keeping out invaders. Over the centuries, various nomadic groups from the north managed to breach the wall and launch attacks on Chinese territory. However, the wall did serve as a deterrent to many would-be invaders and helped to protect China from incursions for long periods of time. In addition to its military function, the Great Wall also served as a symbol of the power and might of the Chinese empire. Its sheer size and grandeur were meant to impress upon both the Chinese people and potential enemies the strength and unity of the imperial state. This symbolic value, in addition to its practical defensive function, made the Great Wall one of the most enduring symbols of Chinese civilization.
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    The Story of China

    Michael Wood

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