They possess a sophisticated nervous system from "summary" of The Soul of an Octopus by Sy Montgomery
The octopus, with its eight arms and bulbous head, might appear like a strange creature from another planet. However, beneath its alien-like appearance lies a fascinating and complex nervous system that rivals that of any other animal. This sophisticated network of neurons allows the octopus to process information, learn, and adapt to its environment in remarkable ways. One of the most intriguing aspects of the octopus's nervous system is its decentralized nature. Unlike humans and many other animals, the octopus does not have a central brain controlling its every move. Instead, its neurons are spread throughout its body, with clusters of nerve cells located in each of its eight arms. This decentralized setup gives the octopus a high degree of flexibility and coordination, allowing it to perform intricate tasks with each arm independently. In addition to its decentralized nervous system, the octopus also possesses a remarkable ability to learn and remember. Studies have shown that octopuses are capable of solving complex puzzles, navigating mazes, and even recognizing individual humans. These cognitive abilities are made possible by the octopus's highly developed brain, which is capable of processing and storing a vast amount of information. Furthermore, the octopus's nervous system allows it to exhibit a wide range of behaviors, from camouflaging itself to avoid predators to communicating with other octopuses through a complex system of color changes and body postures. This ability to adapt and respond to its environment in real-time is a testament to the octopus's sophisticated nervous system and its incredible capacity for learning and cognition.- The octopus's possession of a sophisticated nervous system is a key factor in its remarkable abilities and behaviors. This complex network of neurons allows the octopus to process information, learn, and adapt to its environment in ways that are both fascinating and awe-inspiring. Through its decentralized setup, advanced cognitive abilities, and wide range of behaviors, the octopus truly stands out as a unique and intelligent creature in the animal kingdom.
