Genetic diversity is crucial for survival from "summary" of The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins,Charles Simonyi Professor of the Public Understanding of Science Richard Dawkins,David Dawkins,RICHARD AUTOR DAWKINS
Genetic diversity is crucial for survival. Imagine a population of organisms facing a new environmental challenge. If every individual in the population is genetically identical, they all share the same strengths and weaknesses. If the challenge happens to exploit a particular weakness in their genetic makeup, the entire population is at risk of extinction. On the other hand, if the population exhibits a high level of genetic diversity, there is a greater chance that some individuals possess traits that allow them to survive the challenge. These individuals can then pass on their advantageous genes to the next generation, increasing the overall fitness of the population. Genetic diversity serves as a kind of insurance policy against unpredictable changes in the environment. It ensures that there is always some genetic variation to draw upon when faced with new challenges. Without this diversity, populations are vulnerable to extinction in the face of even minor changes in their surroundings. Natural selection acts on this genetic diversity, favoring individuals with traits that are better suited to their environment. Over time, these advantageous traits become more prevalent in the population, increasing its overall fitness and chances of survival. In essence, genetic diversity is the raw material upon which natural selection acts. It provides the variability necessary for populations to adapt and evolve in response to changing conditions. Without it, populations are at risk of stagnation and eventual demise.- Genetic diversity is not just important – it is crucial for the survival of species in a constantly changing world. It is the key to resilience, adaptability, and ultimately, the continued existence of life on Earth.
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