Peace of Westphalia ends conflict from "summary" of The Reformation by Diarmaid MacCulloch
The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 has been described as a watershed moment in European history, marking the end of decades of brutal conflict. It brought an official end to the Thirty Years War, one of the most destructive conflicts in European history, and also resolved other related conflicts that had been simmering for years. The treaty signed in Westphalia not only brought peace to the region but also established new principles of international diplomacy that would shape European politics for centuries to come. One of the key aspects of the Peace of Westphalia was the recognition of the sovereignty of individual states. This principle meant that each state had the right to govern itself without interference from external powers. This idea was a departure from the previous notion of universal authority, such as that claimed by the Catholic Church or the Holy Roman Empire. By recognizing the sovereignty of individual states, the Peace of Westphalia helped to create a more stable and ...
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