Gluons mediate strong force interactions from "summary" of The Quantum Theory of Fields by Steven Weinberg,Weinberg S
The strong force is responsible for binding quarks together to form protons, neutrons, and other particles. This force is transmitted by particles called gluons. Gluons are massless particles that carry the color charge of the strong force. Just as photons mediate the electromagnetic force, gluons mediate the strong force interactions between quarks. Unlike the electromagnetic force, the strong force is characterized by the property of confinement. This means that quarks are never observed as isolated particles, but are always bound together in groups called hadrons. The strong force becomes stronger as quarks move apart, which is why it is impossible to observe individual quarks in isolation. Gluons interact with quarks and each other through their color charge, which comes in three varieties - red, green, and blue. Quarks can change their color charge by ...
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