Nature of Existence from "summary" of The Problems of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell
The question of the nature of existence is one that has puzzled philosophers for centuries. Is the world around us real, or is it simply a projection of our minds? This question lies at the heart of metaphysics, the branch of philosophy that deals with the fundamental nature of reality. One of the key issues in this debate is the distinction between appearance and reality. According to some philosophers, the world as we perceive it is not the true reality, but merely a collection of sense-data that our minds organize into a coherent whole. This view, known as idealism, holds that the external world is ultimately a product of our own consciousness. On the other hand, realism argues that the external world exists independently of our perceptions of it. The debate between idealism and realism is a complex one, with no easy answers....
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