Operators corresponding to physical quantities from "summary" of The Principles of Quantum Mechanics by P. A. M. Dirac
Let us consider the concept of operators corresponding to physical quantities. In quantum mechanics, physical quantities such as position, momentum, energy, and angular momentum are represented by operators. These operators act on wave functions to yield the values of these physical quantities when measured. For example, the position operator corresponds to the physical quantity of position. When this operator acts on a wave function, it gives the position of the particle in space. Similarly, the momentum operator corresponds to the physical quantity of momentum. When this operator acts on a wave function, it gives the momentum of the particle. The eigenvalues of these operators represent the possible values that can be measured for the corresponding physical quantity. For instance, the eigenvalues of the position operator represent the possible positions that a particle ...
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