Geographic isolation fosters diversity from "summary" of The Origin of Species (Deluxe Library Binding) (Annotated) by Charles Darwin
Geographic isolation plays a critical role in the development of diverse species. When populations of organisms are separated by geographical barriers such as mountains, rivers, or oceans, they are unable to interbreed. This isolation prevents the gene flow between the populations, leading to genetic divergence over time. As a result, each population begins to adapt to its specific environment, undergoing genetic changes that are unique to their location. Natural selection acts on these populations differently, favoring traits that are beneficial in their respective habitats. Over many generations, these differences accumulate, eventually leading to the formation of new species. The process of geographic isolation fosters diversity by creating different evolutionary paths for isolated populations. As these populations adapt to their environments, they develop distinct characteristics that set them apart from one another. This diversity is a result of the unique evolutionary pressures that each population faces in its isolated habitat.- Geographic isolation serves as a catalyst for the generation of new species and the expansion of biodiversity. By limiting gene flow between populations and creating distinct environments for them to inhabit, geographical barriers promote the development of unique traits and adaptations. This process of divergence ultimately leads to the rich tapestry of life that we see on Earth today.
