The meter became the fundamental unit of length in the metric system from "summary" of The Measure of All Things by Ken Alder
The meter emerged as the central unit of measurement in the metric system due to the efforts of two French astronomers, Delambre and Mechain. Their mission was to accurately measure the distance from the North Pole to the Equator in order to establish the standard unit of length. This monumental task took them seven years to complete, during which they encountered numerous challenges and setbacks. Delambre and Mechain embarked on their journey in opposite directions, each using the latest scientific instruments to measure the meridian arc. They encountered harsh weather conditions, difficult terrain, and unreliable equipment, which made their task even more daunting. Despite these obstacles, they persevered in their quest for precision and accuracy. The astronomers meticulously recorded their measurements and calculations, often repeating them multiple times to ensure consistency. They also collaborated with other scientists and mathematicians to verify their findings and eliminate any errors or discrepancies. This collaborative effort was crucial in establishing the credibility and reliability of their results. After years of hard work and dedication, Delambre and Mechain presented their final measurements to the French Academy of Sciences. Their data laid the foundation for the definition of the meter as one ten-millionth of the distance from the North Pole to the Equator. This standard unit of length became the cornerstone of the metric system, which is now widely used across the world for its simplicity and consistency. The meter's adoption as the fundamental unit of length in the metric system marked a significant milestone in the history of measurement. It represented a shift towards a more universal and standardized system of measurement, which facilitated scientific progress and international collaboration. Delambre and Mechain's efforts not only revolutionized the field of metrology but also had a lasting impact on various scientific disciplines and industries.
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