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The Green Revolution transformed Indian agriculture from "summary" of The History of India by Mountstuart Elphinstone (Hon.)
The agricultural landscape of India underwent a profound transformation with the advent of the Green Revolution. This revolution, propelled by advances in technology and scientific research, significantly boosted the country's agricultural productivity and output. Farmers were introduced to high-yielding varieties of seeds, along with modern irrigation techniques and fertilizers, which revolutionized their farming practices. The Green Revolution brought about a significant increase in crop yields, particularly in staple crops such as wheat and rice. This surge in production not only helped meet the growing food demands of India's burgeoning population but also positioned the country as a major player in the global agricultural market. The increased yields also played a crucial role in alleviating food scarcity and poverty in many parts of the country. Furthermore, the Green Revolution played a pivotal role in enhancing the socio-economic status of farmers. The adoption of modern agricultural practices led to higher incomes for farmers, improved living standards, and increased rural employment opportunities. This shift towards commercial farming also enabled farmers to diversify their crops and explore new agricultural avenues. However, the Green Revolution was not without its challenges and criticisms. The widespread use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides raised concerns about environmental degradation and soil health. Additionally, the benefits of the Green Revolution were not evenly distributed, with large landowners and wealthier farmers reaping more significant rewards than small-scale farmers. Despite these challenges, the Green Revolution undeniably reshaped the agricultural landscape of India. It ushered in an era of agricultural modernization and technological advancement that continues to have a lasting impact on the country's agricultural sector. The legacy of the Green Revolution serves as a testament to the power of innovation and scientific progress in transforming traditional farming practices and driving agricultural growth.
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