Fall of Athens at the hands of Sparta from "summary" of The Histories by Herodotus
In those days, Athens, the great city of Greece, was at the height of its power. The Athenians were known for their democracy, their navy, and their cultural achievements. On the other hand, Sparta, the rival city-state, was famous for its military prowess and discipline. The war between Athens and Sparta, known as the Peloponnesian War, was a long and brutal conflict that lasted for nearly three decades. Both sides fought fiercely, with Athens relying on its navy and Sparta on its army. The war brought suffering and destruction to both cities and their allies. As the war dragged on, Athens began to suffer from internal strife and external pressure. The Athenian people grew tired of the conflict and the hardships it brought. Meanwhile, Sparta, with the help of its allies, slowly gained the upper hand in the war. In the end, it was the fall of Athens that sealed the fate of the city. The Spartans, led by their general Lysander, besieged Athens and cut off its crucial supply lines. The Athenians, weakened by years of war and internal divisions, could not hold out for long. Finally, in the year 404 BC, Athens surrendered to Sparta. The city that had once been the shining light of Greece was now brought to its knees. The fall of Athens marked the end of an era and the beginning of a new chapter in Greek history.
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