Stereotypes are generalized beliefs about the characteristics of members of a social group from "summary" of The Handbook of Social Psychology by Daniel Todd Gilbert,Susan T. Fiske,Gardner Lindzey
Stereotypes are cognitive structures that contain the beliefs and expectations about the attributes of social groups. These beliefs can be positive, negative, or neutral, and they are often oversimplified and generalized. Stereotypes are used to categorize people based on their group memberships, which can lead to biases in perceptions and judgments. These beliefs about social groups are often formed through socialization processes and cultural influences. Stereotypes can be transmitted through various channels, such as media, family, peers, and institutions. People learn about the characteristics of different social groups and internalize these beliefs, which can shape their attitudes and behaviors towards members of these groups. Stereotypes serve as mental shortcuts that help individuals make sense of the social world quickly and efficiently. By categorizing people into groups and attributing certain characteristics to them, individuals can navigate social interactions more easily. However, relying on stereotypes can also lead to errors in judgment and discrimination against certain groups. It is important to recognize that stereotypes are not always accurate representations of reality. They are often based on limited information and personal experiences, which can result in biased perceptions of others. Stereotypes can also be perpetuated and reinforced through social interactions and institutional practices, creating a cycle of prejudice and discrimination. Despite the negative consequences of stereotypes, they can also serve some adaptive functions. Stereotypes can help individuals predict the behavior of others, facilitate social interactions, and maintain a sense of identity and belonging within their own group. However, it is essential to be aware of the limitations of stereotypes and to challenge and question them to prevent harmful biases and discrimination.
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