The Peloponnesian War led to the decline of Athens from "summary" of The Greeks by Paul Cartledge
The Peloponnesian War was a catastrophic conflict that lasted for almost three decades, from 431 to 404 BCE, between Athens and Sparta, the two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece. The war was a result of the growing tension between the two rivals, fueled by Sparta's fear of Athens' increasing power and influence in the region. Athens, a democratic city-state known for its cultural and intellectual achievements, was at the height of its power during the early stages of the war. The city was the leader of the Delian League, an alliance of city-states formed to defend against the Persian Empire, and its navy was unrivaled in the Mediterranean. However, the prolonged and devastating conflict with Sparta took a heavy toll on Athens, both economically and militarily. The war drained Athens' resources ...
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